Abstract Cholera diarrhoea is due to the action of a toxin that acts on all animal cells by stimulating the enzyme adenylate cyclase, which catalyses the production oc cyclic AMP from ATP. Publication types Review. What should I do if I or someone I know gets sick?
How is cholera diagnosed? What is the treatment for cholera? Should I be worried about getting cholera from others? How can I avoid getting sick with cholera? Is a vaccine available to prevent cholera? What is the risk for cholera in the United States?
Where can a traveler get information about cholera? What is the U. Frequently Asked Questions. To receive email updates about this topic, enter your email address: Email Address.
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You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. CDC is not responsible for Section compliance accessibility on other federal or private website. This is called an electrolyte imbalance. The risk of cholera is slight in industrialized nations. Even in areas where it exists you're not likely to become infected if you follow food safety recommendations.
Still, cases of cholera occur throughout the world. If you develop severe diarrhea after visiting an area with active cholera, see your doctor. If you have diarrhea, especially severe diarrhea, and think you might have been exposed to cholera, seek treatment right away.
Severe dehydration is a medical emergency that requires immediate care. A bacterium called Vibrio cholerae causes cholera infection.
The deadly effects of the disease are the result of a toxin the bacteria produces in the small intestine. The toxin causes the body to secrete enormous amounts of water, leading to diarrhea and a rapid loss of fluids and salts electrolytes. Cholera bacteria might not cause illness in all people who are exposed to them, but they still pass the bacteria in their stool, which can contaminate food and water supplies.
Contaminated water supplies are the main source of cholera infection. The bacterium can be found in:. Everyone is susceptible to cholera, with the exception of infants who get immunity from nursing mothers who have previously had cholera. Still, certain factors can make you more vulnerable to the disease or more likely to have severe signs and symptoms.
Cholera can quickly become fatal. Severe dehydration can cause death. Most people will make a full recovery when they are given enough fluids. Call your health care provider if you develop severe watery diarrhea. Also call if you have signs of dehydration, including:. There is a cholera vaccine available for adults ages 18 to 64 who are traveling to an area with an active cholera outbreak. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does not recommend the cholera vaccine for most travelers because most people do not travel to areas where cholera is present.
Travelers should always be careful when eating food and drinking water, even if they are vaccinated. When outbreaks of cholera occur, efforts should be made to establish clean water, food, and sanitation. Vaccination is not very effective in managing outbreaks. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website.
Cholera — Vibrio cholerae infection. Updated May 15,
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